Obesity in mice with adipocyte-specific deletion of clock component Arntl

“Adipocytes store excess energy in the form of triglycerides and signal the levels of stored energy to the brain.” A recent studies shows  “that adipocyte-specific deletion of Arntl (also known as Bmal1), a gene encoding a core molecular clock component, results in obesity in mice with a shift in the diurnal rhythm of food intake, a result that is not seen when the gene is disrupted in hepatocytes or pancreatic islets.”

“Previous studies have shown that dysregulation of the feeding rhythm without an increase in total food intake can lead to obesity in rodents.”

Click here to read the article

There was a tutorial last semester on molecular clocks. This is certainly a great read (or a leisurely perusal) if you are interested in molecular clocks and their impact on our health.

Welcome Back

I hope everyone had a restful Winter break. The Medical Journal Club will not be meeting during the month of January since many students will be away for Winter Study. However, I encourage all of you to periodically post on the Forum (Medicine in the News, Medical Research, and Graduate/Medical School). We will resume our biweekly meetings on Friday, February 8 at 4 pm. If you have any questions or suggestions please email me.

Our Absurd Fear of Fat

“Baselessly categorizing at least 130 million Americans — and hundreds of millions in the rest of the world — as people in need of “treatment” for their “condition” serves the economic interests of, among others, the multibillion-dollar weight-loss industry and large pharmaceutical companies, which have invested a great deal of money in winning the good will of those who will determine the regulatory fate of the next generation of diet drugs.” Click here to read the article.

This study led by the CDC and the NIH is stunning because it challenges the notion that thinness equals good health. However, this observational study does not control for variables; it only notes correlations, which do not indicate causality. Nonetheless, it will force scientists, doctors, and patients to reevaluate what they label as “healthy,” and think more critically about the ways non-diseases, such as being overweight, are “medicalized” as a useful marketing strategy that underpins the growing weight loss industry, which includes the countless documentaries, videos, pills, and other supplementary tools that help people lose weight.

 

In China, Grass-Roots Groups Take On H.I.V./AIDS Outreach Work

“In November, social media erupted over the case of a 25-year-old man seeking treatment for lung cancer who was turned away from two Beijing hospitals because he was H.I.V.-positive.” Click here for the full article

This is just one example of the many in which men and women who are HIV positive are discriminated against. What is surprising is that even among educated professionals the stigma against HIV persists. A doctor with HIV was shunned by other doctors in China because they felt they were at risk of contracting the virus by merely shaking the doctor’s hands and being near his lab coat. The growth of civil societies that can not only cater to the medical needs of HIV infected individuals, but can also debunk many of the myths associated with this disease by going to schools or passing out pamphlets to people during educational events open to the public. As with many biomedical and public health issues, the problem is also political. The government needs to support civil societies and non profits that cater to HIV infected individuals and stop censoring matters concerning homosexuality and HIV.

It is important to emphasize that civil societies should be leading this effort with the help of the government because it would leave the matter at the hands of the community, empowering those affected by the disease to seek their own way of making a difference.

In Buenos Aires, Argentina, for example I met with the director of the Ministry of Health, as well as, with a civil society led by HIV infected individuals from different provinces in Argentina. Although the Ministry of Health is useful in handling large tasks, such as creating policies to improve the sexual education at schools, civil society leaders feel it is their job to point out the problems that are particular to each community, while empowering local leaders to take part in the movement to spread HIV/AIDS awareness.