Project 1: Imaging the ISM
due in lab, Monday, March 12
The high-level requirement is to demonstrate the presence of interstellar gas and/or dust via broadband and/or narrowband imaging. Possibilities include:
- Obtain a multicolor image of an emission nebula, e.g., M42, M27, or IC443.
- Obtain a multicolor image of a reflection nebula.
- Obtain a multicolor image of a galaxy with significant interstellar dust.
- Obtain a multicolor image of a dark nebula, showing both obscuration and reddening by interstellar dust.
- Using your own B-V differential photometry of at least 3 stars (plus at least 1 reference star known spectral type and low reddening), demonstrate the presence of interstellar reddening and therefore interstellar dust.
- Demonstrate the presence of interstellar hydrogen by imaging an appropriate object in Hα and nearby continuum.
This list is not exhaustive, so if you have other project ideas please discuss them with Dr. Souza to be sure that they are feasible. Projects may require late night or pre-dawn observations. All will require careful observation planning (ASTR211T skills), taking and processing data, and researching the object(s). You will need to submit a formal proposal which will have to be approved before you do any observing. Your project paper and presentation should include a discussion of the images or data you obtained and how you analyzed them, and discussion of the object(s). Your grade will be based in part on how close you come to what is possible at our site, with our equipment. Poor weather will only be taken into consideration if you have made every reasonable effort to make use of the clear time that we do get this semester.
Project 2: Characterizing the Ionized Gas in a Planetary Nebula
Assigned Fri. 3/9
Finished Project due Mon. 5/7, including in-lab presentations
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- For this project, teams are assigned a particular planetary nebula for which to obtain an optical spectrum (coverage from 3600-7200 Å). The goals are to determine the density and temperature of the nebular gas, and to estimate nebular composition using techniques to be discussed in class.
- Since the Milky Way, and with it, many good targets, is becoming unavailable in the evening sky as the semester progresses, you are getting this assignment now so that you can obtain spectra for this project as soon as possible. The actual data analysis will wait until you have learned the necessary material.
A and B
IC 2165 (comparison star: γ Gem)
C and D
J900 (comparison star: γ Gem or ε Ori)
E and F
NGC 2392 (comparison star: γ Gem)
- Dr. Souza will work with you to obtain and to extract a one-dimensional spectrum text file. I will transform the spectrum text file into a file that can be read by the analysis programs you will learn to use in class on April 4.
- There is no formal proposal required; instead, each team will submit answers to the following questions:
- Which emission lines could you use to determine the nebular temperature?
- Which emission lines could you use to determine the nebular density?
- How will interstellar reddening affect the measured line strengths, and what, in principle, needs to be done to correct it?
Group 1: AAA and BBB – NGC 7027 or NGC 6884
Group 2: CCC and DDD – NGC 2392
Group 3: EEE and FFF – NGC 6210
Project Proposal format
Project Report Format
NOTE: TO BE UPDATED Room 301 (to which you will all be assigned keys) will be UNAVAILABLE on the following dates and times, as well as other times that may be be determined by Dr. Souza:
Tue/Wed Feb. 23,24 12:30-4:00 PM
Tue/Wed Mar. 15,16 12:30-4:00 PM
Tue/Wed Apr. 5,6 12:30-4:00 PM
Tue/Wed May 3,4 12:30-4:00 PM