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Jiang\u5728\u5979 Confronting Discrimination and Inequality in China\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u5230\uff0c \u201cA substantial number of migrant workers move across several administrative areas in a given period searching for suitable jobs, thus depriving them of the chance to enter into long-term local residential registration system, and many workers do not actively ensure that they are registered in the local system.\u201d (Jiang 2009)\u8fdb\u57ce\u52a1\u5de5\u4eba\u5458\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u57ce\u5e02\u5c31\u4e1a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u8feb\u4ece\u4e8b\u77ed\u671f\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u884c\u4e1a, 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\/><br \/>\u9664\u4e86\u9762\u4e34\u519c\u6751\u6709\u9650\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u53f8\u6cd5\u4f53\u5236\u4e5f\u4f7f\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u751f\u6d3b\u5904\u5883\u7a98\u8feb\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6Gaetano\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201cthe term \u2018migrant worker\u2019 implies a distinction in kind: \u2018to work\u2019(dagong) connotes casual, manual labor that is distinct from the legitimate \u2018work\u2019(gongzuo) of the urban proletariat (gongren).\u201d \uff08Gaetano 2015\uff09\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u5916\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u548c\u672c\u571f\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u6709\u7740\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005Jiang\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u201cTo settle down in cities, migrant workers have to pay various required fees accompanying necessary certificates, such as temporary residency, work permits, health checks, etc.\u201d(Jiang 2009) \u800c\u57ce\u5e02\u91cc\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u548c\u8425\u4e1a\u6267\u7167\u5f80\u5f80\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u590d\u6742\u5e76\u4e14\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u6625\u8349\u548c\u4f55\u6c34\u8fdc\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u8857\u4e0a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5356\u88ab\u9762\u65f6\u88ab\u201c\u51e0\u4e2a\u6234\u7740\u5927\u76d6\u5e3d\u7684\u4eba\u201d 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\/>\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u9762\u4e34\u8bf8\u591a\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5c31\u4e1a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ed6\u4eec\u751f\u6d3b\u5904\u5883\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f3a\u8c03\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fd9\u4e8e\u6323\u94b1\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6295\u5165\u5230\u6539\u5584\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u91cc\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53cd\u590d\u5faa\u73af\u52a0\u91cd\u3002\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6761\u4ef6\u9010\u6e10\u6539\u5584\u7684\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u52a0\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u66f4\u5927\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\u88d8\u5c71\u5c71. \u6625\u8349[M]. \u4e0a\u6d77: \u4e0a\u6d77\u6587\u827a\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 2004.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n<li>\u674e\u57f9\u6797. \u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6001\u5ea6[J].\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76, 2007.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n<li>Mendes, Erroi P., and Sakunthala Srighanthan, editors. Confronting Discrimination and Inequality in China: Chinese and Canadian Perspectives. ,2009.<\/li>\r\n<li>Gaetano, Arianne M. \u201cRural Women and Migration under Market Socialism.\u201d Out to Work: Migration, Gender, and the Changing Lives of Rural Women in Contemporary China 2015, 14\u201327.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u81ea\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4ece\u4ee5\u519c\u6751\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3001\u534a\u5c01\u95ed\u81ea\u7ed9\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5411\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u88ab\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u8fc5\u901f\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6025\u5267\u6269\u5927\u548c\u5bf9\u5916\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u4e0e\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u519c\u6751\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u6d8c\u5165\u57ce\u5e02\u975e\u519c\u4e1a\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e3a\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u72b6\u51b5\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u906d\u53d7\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u5f85\u9047\u548c\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u5728\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6625\u8349\u548c\u4f55\u6c34\u8fdc\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u519c\u6751\u4e58\u5750\u706b\u8f66\u6765\u5230\u9655\u5317\u5356\u88ab\u9762\uff0c\u5374\u906d\u9047\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u987a\u548c\u632b\u6298\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u5730\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u9650\u5236\u8feb\u4f7f\u519c\u6c11\u6d8c\u5165\u57ce\u5e02\u5bfb\u627e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u4fdd\u969c\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5883\u51b5\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u91d1\u94b1\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\u4e5f\u4f7f\u8fdb\u57ce\u52a1\u5de5\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8ffd\u6c42\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u4e0e\u6539\u5584\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7b49\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002 1984\u5e74\u7684\u6539\u9769\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u653e\u677e\u4e86\u519c\u6c11\u8fdb\u57ce\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u79bb\u571f\u4e0d\u79bb\u4e61\u3001\u8fdb\u5382\u4e0d\u8fdb\u57ce\u201d\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f0f\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u9053\u8def\u201d \u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u9f13\u52b1\u519c\u6c11\u8fdb\u57ce\u52a1\u5de5\u52a1\u5546\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9053\u8def\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u52a0\u901f\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u519c\u6751\u5c0f\u519c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f5c\u574a\u53d7\u5230\u57ce\u5e02\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u539f\u672c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u6ede\u540e\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u8c0b\u751f\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u8feb\u5916\u51fa\u6253\u5de5\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u5730\u4f4d\u5c34\u5c2c\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u5e38\u5e38\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u4e8b\u52b3\u52a8\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u3001\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5f80\u5f80\u5c06\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u96c7\u4f63\u5de5\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u5728Wenran Jiang\u5728\u5979 Confronting Discrimination and Inequality in China\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u5230\uff0c \u201cA substantial number of migrant workers move across several administrative areas in a given period searching for suitable jobs, thus depriving them of the chance to enter into long-term local &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/fall-2023\/%e6%b5%85%e6%9e%90%e5%b8%82%e5%9c%ba%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%8b%e5%86%9c%e6%b0%91%e5%b7%a5%e8%bf%9b%e5%9f%8e%e5%8a%a1%e5%b7%a5%e4%b9%8b%e5%a4%84%e5%a2%83\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3015,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fall-2023"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3015"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=241"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":248,"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241\/revisions\/248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.williams.edu\/chin427-springgrass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}